Origin Passport
PAPER TRAIL #0113

PAPER TRAIL #0113

Miss AL Simpson · 2026

1/1 artwork · No. 113 of 4,000 in the PAPER TRAIL collection

RUTHVEN ID
RUTHVEN-PT-0000113
Status
Recorded at creation
Verification
Cryptographically anchored

Origin summary

6
compositional pieces
3
source works
3
bodies of work

2019–2020 archive span · 2 work-specific generations · origin body Cash Slave / Cash Couture

This work was registered with RUTHVEN at creation. Its final image, Origin Manifest and construction record are cryptographically fingerprinted.

Attributes

The attributes of the work, one value each, as the token carries them.

Composition
Ink Over
Origin body
Cash Slave / Cash Couture
Density
Sparse
Background Colour
Gas Fee Green
Sheet
Bare ground
Material
Retrieved copy
Layers
6
Sources
3
Bodies
3
Source body
Cash Slave / Cash Couture
Source body
Digital Graffiti
Source body
MISS AL SIMPSON
Figure
Woman
Face
Paper across the eyes
Wardrobe
Couture
Headwear
Coiffure
Motif
Unadorned

The paper trail

The 6 pieces of the finished artwork, in the order the engine laid them down.

  1. Piece 1
    01
    torn piece · CASH SLAVE (TOKYO), 2020
  2. Piece 2
    02
    torn piece · GRAFFITI STILETTO (LACE), 2020
  3. Piece 3
    03
    torn piece · THE ALL-SEEING EYE #token10, 2019
  4. Piece 4
    04
    the figure · made for this work
  5. Piece 5
    05
    torn piece · collage sheet made for this work
  6. Piece 6
    06
    torn piece · collage sheet made for this work

Artistic ancestry

The earlier works of the artist this work is cut from.

Integrity

Details
Final image SHA-256
e8f2dc88d00e3aa22ebb02c6fcfbc8efb7705208cf57ca2bc26e340bdaf5153f
Origin Manifest SHA-256
477b960567d5e87898e424a1f560301426f891df4ebd767a1c68d37b8a78943e
Passport hash
sha256:e1c9eafcc329cd27fa2603394d396914a20bc6b934567935e6848d777e48bb24
Evidence root
0x15218b6ab094b683a3d56e9f54c7920e12a0b14936c7af82faaea0234053f1e9
Plate shown
sha256:60045031caaa0f3fce3fc96e107673938b964eab4ec453ded416f75a4c0526b2 · a presentation copy made by the studio from the final image

"Hash verified" means RUTHVEN recomputed the hash from the bytes and it agrees with the studio's record. A source work is the studio's assertion; it is not made true by a hash. Independent verification, when a named party gives it, is recorded in the advanced record.

Creator and rights

Creator
Miss AL Simpson
Copyright
MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED
Full provenance recordhashes · claims · evidence · audit history · every field the record holds

3 claims are not shown to this reader. This reader holds no role on the asset and is shown only what is public. Permissioned and private records are shown to readers granted a role by the steward.

01

Identity

Official record
Name
PAPER TRAIL #0113
Official recordclm_b70004e9318f · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.95
Summary
PAPER TRAIL · ink over · origin body Cash Slave / Cash Couture
Official recordclm_b70004e9318f · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.95
Record made
At creation, by the creating party.
Official recordclm_b70004e9318f · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.95
Asset type
Digital asset DIGITAL_ASSET
RUTHVEN ID
RUTHVEN-PT-0000113
Internal id
RVN-C9CF0F1794508A83
Registered
2026-10-01
02

Verification

Cryptographically anchored. 2 digital:hashVerification claims rest on cryptographic evidence that can be checked against bytes or chain state; no independent party has verified the record.

No verification act by a named party is on the record.

The level is derived from the claims this reader may see, so its basis cites nothing this reader cannot inspect. RUTHVEN cannot confer independent verification on its own record; only a named party with standing can.

03

Identifiers

No identifier beyond the RUTHVEN ID is recorded.

04

Ownership

No holder is recorded for this reader. Holding is a statement with evidence, never a role on the record.

05

Timeline

DateEventWhat happenedEvidence
2026-09-30 generated Composed by the Archive Engine (grammar 1.9).
cand-8d9e7f946023e182
 Official recordclm_02d048d71263 · Paper Trail handoff record · 2026-10-01 · 0.90
2026-10-01 registered Registered with RUTHVEN as RUTHVEN-PT-0000113 Verified against bytes or chainclm_fb861386dfa6 · RUTHVEN registry · 2026-10-01 · 1.00
2026-10-01 passport issued Passport v1.0 issued for a public reader
sha256:f3d44893cc35e9460b1691eff773945bf61c18cca5eab4c1ffb8481fead4d007
 Calculatedclm_357469129eea · RUTHVEN Passport · 2026-10-01 · 1.00

Every event is a dated claim. A corrected event is superseded by a new one and the old one is kept; the timeline shows what stands.

06

Valuations

No valuation is recorded for this reader.

07

Documents

No document is shown to this reader.

Only metadata and hashes appear here; the bytes stay in the vault. Anyone holding a copy of a file can hash it and compare. A hash identifies a document; it says nothing about what the document asserts.

08

Chain identity

Nothing in this section is shown to this reader.

No chain identifier is recorded. The asset is registered on its own identity; a token, if one is minted, will be added to this record rather than replacing it.

09

Collection

Collection
PAPER TRAIL
Official recordclm_39a56b6f82b8 · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
Number in collection
113
Official recordclm_39a56b6f82b8 · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
Collection size
4000
Official recordclm_39a56b6f82b8 · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
Edition
1/1
Official recordclm_39a56b6f82b8 · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
Creator
Miss AL Simpson
Official recordclm_39a56b6f82b8 · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
Copyright owner
MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED
Official recordclm_39a56b6f82b8 · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
10

Composition attributes

Background Colour
Gas Fee Green
Official recordclm_4d189ca13fee · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
Bodies
3
Official recordclm_4d189ca13fee · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
Composition
Ink Over
Official recordclm_4d189ca13fee · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
Counter-source
None
Official recordclm_4d189ca13fee · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
Density
Sparse
Official recordclm_4d189ca13fee · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
Drawn from
Cash Slave / Cash Couture, Digital Graffiti, MISS AL SIMPSON
Official recordclm_4d189ca13fee · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
Edge
Contained
Official recordclm_4d189ca13fee · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
Format
2160×2160
Official recordclm_4d189ca13fee · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
Layers
6
Official recordclm_4d189ca13fee · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
Lead source
GRAFFITI STILETTO (LACE), 2020
Official recordclm_4d189ca13fee · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
Material
Retrieved copy
Official recordclm_4d189ca13fee · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
Origin body
Cash Slave / Cash Couture
Official recordclm_4d189ca13fee · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
Sheet
Bare ground
Official recordclm_4d189ca13fee · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
Sliver
—
Official recordclm_4d189ca13fee · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
Sources
3
Official recordclm_4d189ca13fee · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
Figure
Woman · Paper across the eyes · Couture · Coiffure · Unadorned
Official recordclm_9c18a9d90a83 · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.90
Token attributes
Figure
Woman
Face
Paper across the eyes
Wardrobe
Couture
Headwear
Coiffure
Motif
Unadorned
Official recordclm_9c18a9d90a83 · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.90
Configuration versions
Engine
0.1.0
Grammar
1.9
Official recordclm_4d189ca13fee · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85

The attributes of the finished work as the creating studio recorded them from its own composition record. Where a DNA hash is shown, see "Recomputed hashes" for whether it was reproduced from these traits.

11

How it was made

Provider
the artist's own model
Official recordclm_4f4aa2e435b5 · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
Model
trained on the artist's own work
Official recordclm_4f4aa2e435b5 · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
Image SHA-256
201059281a6c823f8602147ff9b219ca23f6b591a8b159731a237da1c33db94c
Official recordclm_4f4aa2e435b5 · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
Generated
2026-09-09T20:34:51.000Z
Official recordclm_4f4aa2e435b5 · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85

The generation record as the creating studio logged it. The prompt is identified by its hash and is not reproduced.

12

Recomputed hashes

Final image — hash verified

Field
finalImage
Verified against bytes or chainclm_5b7ba0f0358c · RUTHVEN Paper Trail adapter · 2026-10-01 · 1.00
Declared
e8f2dc88d00e3aa22ebb02c6fcfbc8efb7705208cf57ca2bc26e340bdaf5153f
Verified against bytes or chainclm_5b7ba0f0358c · RUTHVEN Paper Trail adapter · 2026-10-01 · 1.00
Recomputed
e8f2dc88d00e3aa22ebb02c6fcfbc8efb7705208cf57ca2bc26e340bdaf5153f
Verified against bytes or chainclm_5b7ba0f0358c · RUTHVEN Paper Trail adapter · 2026-10-01 · 1.00
Agrees
yes
Verified against bytes or chainclm_5b7ba0f0358c · RUTHVEN Paper Trail adapter · 2026-10-01 · 1.00

Origin Manifest — hash verified

Field
originManifest
Verified against bytes or chainclm_0f500188e409 · RUTHVEN Paper Trail adapter · 2026-10-01 · 1.00
Declared
477b960567d5e87898e424a1f560301426f891df4ebd767a1c68d37b8a78943e
Verified against bytes or chainclm_0f500188e409 · RUTHVEN Paper Trail adapter · 2026-10-01 · 1.00
Recomputed
477b960567d5e87898e424a1f560301426f891df4ebd767a1c68d37b8a78943e
Verified against bytes or chainclm_0f500188e409 · RUTHVEN Paper Trail adapter · 2026-10-01 · 1.00
Agrees
yes
Verified against bytes or chainclm_0f500188e409 · RUTHVEN Paper Trail adapter · 2026-10-01 · 1.00

Hashes RUTHVEN recomputed from the traits or the bytes and compared with what the source declared. "Verified" here means the recomputation agrees; it says nothing about the source beyond that.

13

Construction

Summary
Archive Fragments
3
Archive Span
2019–2020
Bodies
3
Fragments From Work Specific Generations
3
Generated Fragments
3
Other Generations Used
0
Pieces
6
Source Works
3
Work Specific Generations
2
Official recordclm_866cd6db0a79 · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
Origin body
Cash Slave / Cash Couture
Official recordclm_866cd6db0a79 · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
Archive sources
  • Body
    Cash Slave / Cash Couture
    Chain
    ethereum
    Collection
    MISS AL SIMPSON
    Contract
    0x2b4572419f2b2a0c198cc8789de881287c09d8c3
    Kind
    ARCHIVE_ARTWORK
    Source Id
    ethereum-0x2b4572419f2b2a0c198cc8789de881287c09d8c3-90
    Status
    on-chain work of the artist; the file it was cut from is the studio's retrieved representation
    Title
    CASH SLAVE (TOKYO)
    Token Id
    90
    Year
    2020
  • Body
    Digital Graffiti
    Chain
    ethereum
    Collection
    Digital Graffiti
    Contract
    0x60f80121c31a0d46b5279700f9df786054aa5ee5
    Kind
    ARCHIVE_ARTWORK
    Source Id
    ethereum-0x60f80121c31a0d46b5279700f9df786054aa5ee5-13353
    Status
    on-chain work of the artist; the file it was cut from is the studio's retrieved representation
    Title
    GRAFFITI STILETTO (LACE)
    Token Id
    13353
    Year
    2020
  • Body
    MISS AL SIMPSON
    Chain
    ethereum
    Collection
    MISS AL SIMPSON
    Contract
    0x2b4572419f2b2a0c198cc8789de881287c09d8c3
    Kind
    ARCHIVE_ARTWORK
    Source Id
    ethereum-0x2b4572419f2b2a0c198cc8789de881287c09d8c3-27
    Status
    on-chain work of the artist; the file it was cut from is the studio's retrieved representation
    Title
    THE ALL-SEEING EYE #token10
    Token Id
    27
    Year
    2019
Official recordclm_866cd6db0a79 · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
Work-specific generations
  • Generated At
    2026-09-09T20:34:51Z
    Generation Id
    gen-201059281a6c823f
    Image Sha256
    201059281a6c823f8602147ff9b219ca23f6b591a8b159731a237da1c33db94c
    Kind
    WORK_SPECIFIC_GENERATION
    Label
    COLLAGE 2026 sheet
    Role
    collage ground and pieces
  • Generated At
    2026-09-09T20:34:54Z
    Generation Id
    gen-4d867f54370fb0f9
    Image Sha256
    4d867f54370fb0f913a991488599d1bdbdc2c19b7791e7c29349b67c38236c27
    Kind
    WORK_SPECIFIC_GENERATION
    Label
    Ink Interventions 26 figure
    Role
    figure
Official recordclm_866cd6db0a79 · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
Composition fragments
  • Crop Of Source
    • 308
    • 1052
    • 1805
    • 2640
    Cut
    torn piece
    Derived From
    Kind
    ARCHIVE_ARTWORK
    Source Id
    ethereum-0x2b4572419f2b2a0c198cc8789de881287c09d8c3-90
    Fragment Id
    frag-1afee0f0633e4068
    Kind
    COMPOSITION_FRAGMENT
    Sha256
    1afee0f0633e40688d3c0270d72632f6c88ba192c9e76fe704702b53c8efbda7
    Type
    texture
  • Crop Of Source
    • 1564
    • 1258
    • 2826
    • 2354
    Cut
    torn piece
    Derived From
    Kind
    ARCHIVE_ARTWORK
    Source Id
    ethereum-0x60f80121c31a0d46b5279700f9df786054aa5ee5-13353
    Fragment Id
    frag-2801a72fbf8a6644
    Kind
    COMPOSITION_FRAGMENT
    Sha256
    2801a72fbf8a6644b47be8fd1757070c1310ae1bfb566e55d8849239a9cca98a
    Type
    texture
  • Crop Of Source
    • 63
    • 118
    • 241
    • 188
    Cut
    torn piece
    Derived From
    Kind
    ARCHIVE_ARTWORK
    Source Id
    ethereum-0x2b4572419f2b2a0c198cc8789de881287c09d8c3-27
    Fragment Id
    frag-a51e45fe6d26917b
    Kind
    COMPOSITION_FRAGMENT
    Sha256
    a51e45fe6d26917bdd3eaabe2c0c35201e23fbc0d4fd99fa4479361b4d299207
    Type
    texture
  • Crop Of Source
    • 135
    • 0
    • 602
    • 1536
    Cut
    cut-out
    Derived From
    Kind
    WORK_SPECIFIC_GENERATION
    Source Id
    gen-4d867f54370fb0f9
    Fragment Id
    frag-94959eda65ecd8e3
    Kind
    COMPOSITION_FRAGMENT
    Sha256
    94959eda65ecd8e3d20b27b315b01444052d63a07b90a3fc1b657a6b1fc27700
    Type
    figure
  • Crop Of Source
    • 140
    • 162
    • 521
    • 695
    Cut
    torn piece
    Derived From
    Kind
    WORK_SPECIFIC_GENERATION
    Source Id
    gen-201059281a6c823f
    Fragment Id
    frag-c8c5916c5840fded
    Kind
    COMPOSITION_FRAGMENT
    Sha256
    c8c5916c5840fdeda4caa07a655a39a0ddf2ef4cbcb065839c41ab3a4206b060
    Type
    texture
  • Crop Of Source
    • 194
    • 154
    • 582
    • 797
    Cut
    torn piece
    Derived From
    Kind
    WORK_SPECIFIC_GENERATION
    Source Id
    gen-201059281a6c823f
    Fragment Id
    frag-5005abaf68cd86df
    Kind
    COMPOSITION_FRAGMENT
    Sha256
    5005abaf68cd86df4f7a11c32c3ca778498e27d908e6f91b5d8c0c852ceb9223
    Type
    texture
Official recordclm_866cd6db0a79 · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85
Placement events
  • Blend
    normal
    Box
    • 0.6093
    • 0.2556
    • 0.4074
    • 0.4315
    Covers
    no
    Fragment Id
    frag-1afee0f0633e4068
    Label
    genesis
    Opacity
    0.852
    Order
    1
    Rotation
    14.21
    Slot
    genesis
  • Blend
    normal
    Box
    • 0.1306
    • -0.1676
    • 0.6083
    • 0.5282
    Covers
    no
    Fragment Id
    frag-2801a72fbf8a6644
    Label
    cross
    Opacity
    0.947
    Order
    2
    Rotation
    4.45
    Slot
    cross
  • Blend
    normal
    Box
    • 0.1245
    • -0.0773
    • 0.6014
    • 0.469
    Covers
    no
    Fragment Id
    frag-a51e45fe6d26917b
    Label
    cross
    Opacity
    0.866
    Order
    3
    Rotation
    -2.93
    Slot
    cross
  • Blend
    normal
    Box
    • 0.1343
    • 0.0102
    • 0.4218
    • 1.0764
    Covers
    no
    Fragment Id
    frag-94959eda65ecd8e3
    Label
    the figure
    Opacity
    0.97
    Order
    4
    Rotation
    -2.05
    Slot
    subject
  • Blend
    normal
    Box
    • -0.0181
    • 0.712
    • 0.2417
    • 0.3222
    Covers
    no
    Fragment Id
    frag-c8c5916c5840fded
    Label
    collage piece
    Opacity
    0.935
    Order
    5
    Rotation
    17.21
    Slot
    collage-pieces
  • Blend
    normal
    Box
    • -0.1454
    • 0.3366
    • 0.3037
    • 0.4157
    Covers
    no
    Fragment Id
    frag-5005abaf68cd86df
    Label
    collage piece
    Opacity
    0.939
    Order
    6
    Rotation
    19.02
    Slot
    collage-pieces
Official recordclm_866cd6db0a79 · MISS AL SIMPSON LIMITED · 2026-10-01 · 0.85

Archive artwork → composition fragment → placement event → final artwork. Each fragment is named by its hash and each source by the studio's stable identifier; a source is the studio's assertion, a hash is a fact about bytes.

14

Public provenance package

Status
HASHED
Calculatedclm_e98406ebc048 · RUTHVEN publish-origin · 2026-10-01 · 0.90
Version
1
Calculatedclm_e98406ebc048 · RUTHVEN publish-origin · 2026-10-01 · 0.90
Package hash
sha256:be531e2b62a801d221d53807048c4e6afa4b76f2dc093ea5b3eff4e03e9c4327
Calculatedclm_e98406ebc048 · RUTHVEN publish-origin · 2026-10-01 · 0.90
Files
15
Calculatedclm_e98406ebc048 · RUTHVEN publish-origin · 2026-10-01 · 0.90
Bytes
5524069
Calculatedclm_e98406ebc048 · RUTHVEN publish-origin · 2026-10-01 · 0.90
Key files
Artwork
Path
artwork/PAPER-TRAIL-0113.png
Sha256
89281715d215395280587f8fb032913a40c3333d457d52d49b7d3444c90e10fd
Uri
not recorded
Construction
Path
origin/construction.json
Sha256
9c349c055ed9a1fb151f0012277743a84703db67b72567b258dc26e2cd3f3dcb
Uri
not recorded
Metadata
Path
metadata.json
Sha256
4ce19de6bf9c42ca4a3d9d198b012d554e8d661d19c86f22e04c1bd3715047a8
Uri
not recorded
Origin Manifest
Path
origin/origin-manifest.json
Sha256
22deed33b45a8762219017ffe60c7351050480cfcdfdd9f373f97b91ca07b708
Uri
not recorded
Passport
Path
passport/RUTHVEN-PT-0000113.html
Sha256
a00098e7b7f7ad10c500451249463da5af6a09e0c8a9c0df3157368ac6d4fc24
Uri
not recorded
Calculatedclm_e98406ebc048 · RUTHVEN publish-origin · 2026-10-01 · 0.90
History
  • Version
    1
    Status
    HASHED
    Root Cid
    not recorded
    At
    2026-10-01T16:51:52.625Z
Calculatedclm_e98406ebc048 · RUTHVEN publish-origin · 2026-10-01 · 0.90

The package — artwork, Passport, Origin Manifest, construction record, fragments and ancestry — as hashed before pinning. The root CID is the content hash of those bytes on IPFS; a new version is a new CID and the old one stays on the record.

15

Intelligence

Calculated measures

No calculated score is recorded for this reader.

For review

Nothing is flagged for review for this reader.

Methods
not recorded
Computed
not recorded

A score is a calculation from cited inputs by a versioned method, and is as good as its inputs. A flag is something for a person to look at, raised by a named rule; it is not a finding against the asset.

16

Data sources

SourceKindCategoryRetrievedEvidence
Paper Trail handoff record
paper-trail:0113:handoff.json
 official recordSTUDIO 2026-10-01 Verified against bytes or chainclm_ab978b8566dd · RUTHVEN Paper Trail adapter · 2026-10-01 · 1.00

A source's standing decides how far it can be trusted; an official register and a vendor feed are not the same kind of thing, and are badged differently throughout.

17

Audit history

Issuances

IssuedVersionPassport hashIssued forWithheld
2026-10-01 1.0 sha256:f3d44893cc35e9460b1691eff773945bf61c18cca5eab4c1ffb8481fead4d007 public reader
Claims
3
Documents
0
Fields
0

Audit log

The audit log is shown to the steward, administrators and RUTHVEN analysts.

Every issuance appends a claim carrying the Passport's hash, so a printed copy can be matched to the ledger later. Issuance records are shown here and are excluded from the hash, so issuing a Passport does not change the next one.

Passport for
RUTHVEN-PT-0000113
Internal id
RVN-C9CF0F1794508A83
Issued
2026-10-01T17:15:47.677Z
Issued for
a public reader
Passport hash
sha256:e1c9eafcc329cd27fa2603394d396914a20bc6b934567935e6848d777e48bb24
Evidence root
0x15218b6ab094b683a3d56e9f54c7920e12a0b14936c7af82faaea0234053f1e9 · 50 entries
Claims behind it
13 · 4 verified against bytes or chain, 8 official record, 1 calculated
Issued by
RUTHVEN AI LIMITED · Company No. SC900903 · Edinburgh, Scotland

Every field above is a claim in an append-only ledger, with an asserter, a time and a stated kind of evidence. Nothing here has been altered since it was recorded; a correction is added as a new claim beside the old one, never over it. The Passport hash is taken over this document as built for this reader, less its own issuance records, so a copy can be matched to the ledger later.

RUTHVEN holds no keys, signs nothing, and has no code path that could alter this asset. Where this document says a thing is verified against bytes or chain, it means RUTHVEN read it from the chain or computed it from the bytes. Where it says the owner stated it, it means exactly that. A valuation is the stated party's figure. A flag is for review.